Skip to Main Content

APA 7th Edition Citations Guide - Maple Woods

Need help with APA style? MCC librarians are here to help!

Personal Communications

As readers are unable to access personal communications the author may include, personal communications are not listed on the reference list. Thus, they are only listed in in-text citations. Cite the name of the person communicated with, as well as an approximate date. 

Email communication: 

Parenthetical Citation: (A. Jones, personal communication, 2020)

Narrative Citation:  According to A. Jones (personal communication, 2020)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Interview: 

Parenthetical Citation: (Windholz, personal communication, 2020)

Narrative Citation:  Windholz (personal communication, 2020)