When a work has two authors, include them in the order they appear on the work. Start the entry with the author's last name followed by a comma and their initials. Join the authors by an ampersand (&).
Reference list format:
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First Author's Last Name, A. A., & Second Author's Last Name, B. B. (Year). Title of work. Publisher. |
Example:
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Clarke, T. M., & Peterson, T. G. (2016). Environmental conflict management. SAGE Publications.
Parenthetical Citation: (Clarke & Peterson, 2016) Narrative Citation: Clarke and Peterson (2016) |
For two to twenty authors, invert the author's last name and follow with their initials. Do this for each author listed. Use an ampersand (&) before the name of the last author of the work.
Reference list format:
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Author, A. A., Author, B. B., Author, C. C., Author, D. D., & Author, E. E. (Year). Title of work. Publisher. |
Example:
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Barnard, F. L., Akridge, J. T., Dooley, F. J., Foltz, J. C., & Yeager, E. A. (2016). Agribusiness management. Routledge. |
Parenthetical Citation: (Bernard et al., 2016)
Narrative Citation: Bernard et al. (2016)
Note: In In-text citations with three or more authors, use the first author listed and include the phrase et al. as in the example above. Also include the year of publication.
When there are twenty-one or more authors, you include the the first nineteen authors' names. Then you enter an ellipses (...), but no ampersand (&) and the final author's name.
Example:
Alexander, G. F., Smith, B. A., Worley, H. B., Duncan, G. E., Cole, A. A., Jones, T. A., Frost, D. B., Craven, N. E., Adams, S. E., Ferrell, R.L.,
Kerns, B.N., Wendl, S. E., Betz, C. L., Franks, J.M., Dowell, T.J., Cramer, J. E., Davis, T. J., Baxter, M.C., Parker., H.S., …Richardson, S. A.
(2020). Lessons learned from laptop usage in elementary schools. Sage.
Parenthetical Citation: (Alexander et al., 2020)
Narrative Citation: Alexander et al. (2020)
Note: For more information on formatting the author element for a reference entry, refer to section 9.8 of the APA Style Guide. For more
information on formatting the author element in an in-text citation, refer to Table 8.1 in the APA Style Guide.
When a group is an author, include the formal name of the organization. (Do not use an abbreviation.)
American Psychological Association. (2015). APA dictionary of psychology (2nd ed.).
Parenthetical Citation: (American Psychological Association, 2015)
Narrative Citation: American Psychological Association (2015)
Note: See section 9.11 in the APA Style Guide for more information on group authors.